How to Remove Activation Lock From the Apple iPhone 11 Pro Without Previous Owner?
How to Remove Activation Lock On the Apple iPhone 11 Pro Without Previous Owner?
Refurbished iPhones or iPads have been a viable option for more and more people, especially with the major cell phone manufacturer, Apple, offering official purchase channels. However, there are many people who buy used phones through non-acquaintances who trade in their own Apple devices. So, the question arises: How to remove the Find My iPhone activation lock without a previous owner? It has become the focus of people’s attention.
The reason can vary, but the recovery process can be exasperating. Fortunately, there are several right approaches and alternatives that can help with the situation. This article will introduce to you some simple and effective tricks to remove the activation lock, even if you lose help from previous owners.
Here is a video for you to learn how to remove Activation Lock on iPhone/iPad/iPod Touch:
Why Apple Devices Get locked by Activation Lock? [A Simple Overview]
In case some users don’t know Activation Lock, we are giving a simple introduction to it. According to Apple, “Activation Lock is a feature that’s designed to prevent anyone else from using your Apple iPhone 11 Pro, iPad, iPod touch, or Apple Watch if it’s ever lost or stolen. Activation Lock is enabled automatically when you turn on Find My iPhone. Even if you erase your device remotely, the Activation Lock can continue to deter anyone from reactivating your device without your permission. All you need to do is keep Find My iPhone turned on and remember your Apple ID and password.”
Admittedly, it has a good side to follow, but it does have drawbacks to specific people. Here are the pros and cons of Activation lock.
Pros
- Locate and play a sound by Find My iPhone on missing Apple devices, like iPhone, iPad, Mac, etc
- Protect data if a device is stolen
Cons
- Make the first using process more troublesome if you cannot acquire the iCloud login information from the previous owner, after buying a second hand iPhone
To solve this small problem, in this post, we provide you with four effective solutions to help you remove Activation Lock without a previous owner.
Method 1: Remove Activation Lock Without Previous Owner Using Dr.Fone [iOS 12.0 and up]
Without the credential, or iCloud login information from the previous owner, Dr.Fone - Screen Unlock (iOS) could do a big favor. It applies to both MacBook and Windows, and it is a professional bypass tool for an iCloud activation lock. The following steps will help you to remove the iCloud activation lock.
Dr.Fone will access your iOS devices with a couple of clicks. Follow the video instructions below to remove find my iPhone/ iPad activation lock without a previous owner:
Dr.Fone - Screen Unlock
Remove Remove Activation Lock without Password in Minutes
- Remove Apple ID/iCloud Account efficiently.
- Save your Apple iPhone 11 Pro quickly from the disabled state.
- Free your sim out of any carrier worldwide.
- Bypass iCloud activation lock and enjoy all iCloud services.
- Works for all models of iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch.
4,008,670 people have downloaded it
Step-by-step guide for Windows users
- Step 1. Launch and install Dr.Fone on your PC, and select Screen Unlock from its home page.
- Step 2. Select “_iOS” mode, and click “iCloud Activation Lock Removal” to bypass the iCloud Activation Lock. Then, tap “Start”_.
- Step 3. If your iOS device is running iOS/iPadOS 15.0 to 16.3, you can follow this process. However, for iOS/iPadOS 12.0 to 14.8.1, you must first jailbreak your device by following the Jailbreak Guide .
- Step 4. Then, please carefully read the agreement, confirm and tick it before start removing the iCloud activation lock.
- Step 5. Next, follow the on-screen instructions to put your iOS device to enter DFU mode twice. And make sure your USB connection is stable, and you’ve unlocked the Apple iPhone 11 Pro device screen. When it is done, select Got It! button to continue.
- Step 6. Then, Dr.Fone Screen Unlock will start the unlocking process, just take some minutes to its completion. After a while, it will show the following interface as below when it gets finished.
Method 2: Remove Activation Lock Without Previous Owner by Apple Official Support
This method could be very useful, but not that easy because you need to get proof of the purchase from the previous owner first. Once you get the required documents, everything goes simple. Go and contact Apple Support , Apple staff will be able to support you. They will verify the original owner of the phone and then help you unlock the Apple iPhone 11 Pro device. In addition to proof of purchase, they may ask for other documents as well as your identity cards. They will remove the Activation Lock from your device if your purchase documents are legit.
There are two ways to ask for Apple support:
- Offline method: Visit the Apple Store along with the purchase proof.
- Online method: Call Apple Support or visit its official website for remote assistance in removing the Activation Lock.
Their representatives will provide you with the necessary support and assistance during the process.
Method 3: Remove Activation Lock Without Previous Owner via DNS
Activation locks are difficult to get through, but fortunately, few methods work. DNS method can also help you bypass the activation lock and access your device. The best part is, you don’t need the previous owner or proof of purchase.
DNS method is an effective technique to remove find my iPhone activation lock without the previous owner. It works for the operating system running in the older versions. It is a simple technique for a technical person, and it works for both iPhone and iPad. This method utilizes the Wi-Fi DNS settings of the Apple iPhone 11 Pro device. Follow the steps:
- Step 1: Set up the Apple iPhone 11 Pro as a new device.
- Step 2: Connect to a Wi-Fi network on the Wi-Fi settings page. And tap the “_i_” icon next to your network name.
- Step 3: On the next screen, tap on the Configure DNS option.
- Step 4: Choose the “_Manual_” option from the page as below.
Step 5: Tap “**+** Add Server”, and try one of the following DNS values:
USA: 104.154.51.7
South America: 35.199.88.219
Europe: 104.155.28.90
Asia: 104.155.220.58
Australia and Oceania: 35.189.47.23
Other: 78.100.17.60
Step 6: Your phone will be unlocked.
Pros
- This process can be manually done by devices’ Wi-Fi settings.
- It doesn’t need any external device or software.
Cons
- The process might be a little complicated for a non-technical person to operate.
- The method may not work for the latest versions of the Apple iPhone 11 Pro or iPad.
Method 4: Remove Activation Lock Without Previous Owner via the iCloud Web
If you can not reach the previous owner, but you are still in touch with them, they can still unlock your phone remotely by following a set of instructions. This whole process can be performed remotely with the help of iCloud web. If your previous owner cooperates, they can help with the process.
The process will involve a few steps to remove your Apple iPhone 11 Pro from their account remotely. After this process, you can set your device as a new phone. The activation lock will be permanently gone from your phone.
Here are the step-by-step instructions on removing my iPhone/iPad activation lock without the previous owner using the iCloud web. You can share these steps with the previous owner :
- Open iCloud website in a browser.
- Sign in to the existing iCloud account in use with the locked iPhone.
- Once you are logged in, click on the option that says Find iPhone.
Now you can remotely perform actions on your phone. Further :
- Click on the drop-down named All Devices and choose your Apple iPhone 11 Pro.
- Click on Erase iPhone.
Final Words
By now, you are familiar that there are many ways to bypass activation lock. So, If you face a situation with the activation lock, you will have a couple of options to get through the situation. Just decide the correct method and approach according to your circumstances and availability of resources. If you are a seller, you should disable the activation lock before selling your phone. Erasing the Apple iPhone 11 Pro device back to factory settings will not put the buyer in any trouble.
To Disable Activation Lock
- Go to settings > Tap your name at the top of the list > Tap iCloud > Tap Find My iPhone > Toggle the “Find My iPhone” > Type your Apple ID password.
To Reset The Device
- Go to settings > General > Reset > Click “erase all settings” >Give confirmation > Wait until the process is complete.
We hope this post will help you figure out the right way to remove the Find My iPhone/ iPad Activation Lock without a previous owner. If you have any questions, please leave us in the comment section below.
Ultimate Guide on Apple iPhone 11 Pro iCloud Activation Lock Bypass
The Apple iPhone 11 Pro’s iCloud unlock is an absolute need for each client of a locked smartphone who needs to give a second life to their iDevice. You could have bought a pre-owned iPhone from another person or failed to remember your Apple ID credentials. Circumstances can be unique, yet the process is something very similar.
You want to bypass Apple iPhone 11 Pro Activation Lock as quickly as possible. Furthermore, there are numerous ways for Apple iPhone 11 Pro iCloud bypass! Typically, a user enters the credentials of the iCloud account to which the Apple iPhone 11 Pro is connected and becomes unlocked immediately.
However, this fast strategy is good just for the first owner. If you don’t know about the iCloud account connected to your account, keep following this guide to bypass Apple iPhone 11 Pro.
Part 1:3 Useful Ways to bypass Apple iPhone 11 Pro iCloud activation lock
1. Remove activation lock with the previous device owner
The first thing you can attempt to bypass Apple iPhone 11 Pro is to contact the person you bought this device from. Ask the seller about other Apple ID details so you can enter them on the activation lock screen.
Likewise, you can ask the seller (the previous owner) to enter the details all by himself. This way, you won’t get embarrassed by asking them about such crucial details regarding their account.
This method applies if the owner lives nearby and you can meet face to face. In particular, they must still remember their Apple account password. It is a very straightforward approach to bypassing Apple iPhone 11 Pro since it doesn’t require any technical knowledge. Moreover, you don’t need to run the extra mile by paying for unlocking service since you can attempt this method for free.
So, if you are into this method, follow the given steps:
Step 1. Enter the Apple ID details on the activation lock screen when it shows up.
Step 2. After removing the activation lock, unpair any Apple accessory connected to your Apple iPhone 11 Pro.
Step 3. Log out of iTunes, App Store, and iCloud.
Step 4. At last, erase all content and settings of your device from the Settings application. Explore the General tab and click Reset > Erase All Content and Settings.
2. Use iCloud DNS Bypass
iCloud DNS Bypass is to bypass an iCloud activation lock by manipulating the DNS server. In particular, it means redirecting the activation process of your Apple iPhone 11 Pro from Apple servers to some other servers for confirmation.
Why Use iCloud DNS Bypass?
When you purchase a second-hand Apple iPhone 11 Pro, you might find that the phone has an activated lock. Before you can set up your Apple iPhone 11 Pro, the phone will request the Apple server to activate it. The method for getting around this lock is entering the correct Apple ID.
iCloud DNS bypass proves beneficial when you want to bypass Apple iPhone 11 Pro but know nothing about the past owner. It’s likewise effective if you can’t recall your iCloud credentials.
Pros of iCloud DNS Bypass:
- You can physically change the DNS address in WIFI settings.
- If it works, you can use various features and applications on your Apple iPhone 11 Pro/7.
Steps to Bypass Activation Lock via DNS:
The steps in DNS Bypass iCloud Activation are basic; here is how to bypass Apple iPhone 11 Pro:
Step 1. When you switch on your Apple iPhone 11 Pro, pick your preferred language and region from the menu.
Step 2. Click “Continue” to enter the WiFi settings page. Whenever requested to connect, search for the “I” symbol near the WiFi tab.
Step 3. Presently, disconnect the WiFi, go to “Connection Settings,” and snap “Forget this Network.”
Step 4. Click the “I” and enter a DNS server IP address to bypass the iCloud activation lock. You can browse yours according to your area:
USA: 104.154.51.7
- South America: 35.199.88.219
- Europe: 104.155.28.90
- Asia: 104.155.220.58
- Australia and Oceania: 35.189.47.23
- Different Regions: 78.100.17.60
Step 5. Presently, click the “Back” choice on the left half of your screen. Turn on WiFi, select your WiFi from the rundown, and enter your password.
Step 6. Click “Next Page” and snap “Back” to enter the iCloud bypass screen.
Step 7. Set up your apps and use your Apple iPhone 11 Pro/7 as you like.
3. Dr.Fone - Screen Unlock (iOS)
The easiest way is to use an expert activation lock bypass tool to stop the issue. This method doesn’t require you to be technical or learn new concepts. You only need to search for the best available tool in the market and download it. You can do the rest of the job by just following the guidelines given by the software company.
Therefore, we recommend you use Dr.Fone Scree Unlock to bypass Apple iPhone 11 Pro. Dr.Fone is a professional tool with multiple iOS options. It can unlock the screen lock, Google FRP lock, and activation lock in a matter of minutes.
Dr.Fone - Screen Unlock (iOS)
Bypass Apple iPhone 11 Pro iCloud Activation Lock Without Hassle!
- Simple, click-through, process.
- Unlock screen passwords from all iPhones and iPads or bypass the activation lock.
- No tech knowledge is required, everybody can handle it.
- Support most iPhone/iPad/iPod Touch and most iOS versions fully!
4,395,217 people have downloaded it
Many software require jailbreak before bypassing the IOS activation lock, but Wondershare Dr.Fone Screen Unlock (IOS) stands out for the solution without jailbreak. If your device is between iOS 12.0 to 16.3, follow the steps provided below. To bypass the activation lock, follow a few easy steps and adhere to the guidelines. Moreover, you don’t need to worry about device security while using this program. It is the best tool available for all Apple iPhone 11 Pro/7 users who wish to remove the iCloud lock without delay. The steps below will guide you on how you can use this tool for Apple iPhone 11 Pro iCloud bypass:
Step 1: Launch Wondershare Dr.Fone and go to Toolbox>Screen Unlock>IOS.
Step 2: Connect your device to the computer and select “iCloud Activation Lock Removal”.
Step 3: Click Unlock Now button on the pop-up window.
Step 4: You will see a prompt show up. Read the details carefully and checkmark “I have read and agree the agreement”. Tapping “Got it!” button.
Step 5: Put iDevice in DFU Mode for the first time: the program will send a command to the Apple iPhone 11 Pro device and it will restart.
Step 6: Then you need to put the Apple iPhone 11 Pro device in DFU mode for the second time. When it’s done, the program will activate the Apple iPhone 11 Pro device.
Step 7: If your device is not detected by the platform, follow the on-screen instructions to put their iOS device in DFU Mode.
Step 8: Once the Apple iPhone 11 Pro device has been processed under the DFU Mode, the computer’s screen will start displaying the removal of the iCloud Activation Lock. When it’s done, click Done in the next window.
Your iPhone will start like a default phone without any activation lock. You can access and utilize the Apple iPhone 11 Pro now. Possibly, remember that you can’t utilize your new Apple ID’s phone call, cellular, and iCloud feature after that process.
Part 2: FAQs
1. What is Find My?
The Find My feature is an incredible method for keeping your Apple iPhone 11 Pro from getting lost, as it permits you to find and lock it, regardless of whether you have it. For instance, when Find My iPhone is initiated, you can see where your Apple iPhone 11 Pro is. You might use it to show your location to others or play a sound on your lost device, making it easier to find.
To utilize this feature, you need to initiate this feature on your device and utilize a PC or another phone to find, reset or lock your lost iPhone. If you’re selling your Apple iPhone 11 Pro or gifting it to someone else, you should first switch off the Find My feature. It becomes very awkward for the next user if the past owner’s Find My iPhone feature is still activated.
2. How to turn off Find My?
If you want to reset your Apple iPhone 11 Pro to erase every one of the data and return it to its default condition, Apple expects you to switch off Find My in advance. Also, experts at the Apple store frequently expect you to switch it off before they can repair it.
Switching it off will not erase any of your data, so you don’t have to stress over that. It’ll simply make it difficult to track down your Apple iPhone 11 Pro on a map when lost.
The best way to switch off the Find My feature is very direct. The following steps will tell you how to make it happen:
- Open the Settings of your Apple iPhone 11 Pro and tap your name or profile.
- Explore the “Find My” option and go for “Find My iPhone.”
- If the Find My iPhone feature is initiated, the toggle button on top of the page should be green. Switch the “Find My iPhone” toggle key to turn it off.
- Enter your Apple ID details.
- Affirm your activity, and that’s all you need to turn this feature off.
3. Can I bypass iOS Devices like iPad or iPods?
Yes, you can bypass the activation lock on iPhones like iPad and iPods. However, the method is a bit different regarding Apple Watches.
The Bottom Line
We hope you are now in a position to bypass Apple iPhone 11 Pro activation lock. This guide mentions the best methods you can employ to bypass this issue, but we all know each method has its pros and cons. Even if no other method works in your case, Dr.Fone - Screen Unlock (iOS) will still help you. This tool is built to provide safe iOS unlocking solutions for our readers.
How to Successfully Bypass iCloud Activation Lock on Apple iPhone 11 Pro
An activation lock is a necessary feature of modern devices due to security breaches. It prevents your phone from getting used by the wrong hands. Consequently, it secures your data from getting exploited in case of theft.
However, it can be troublesome if you don’t take enough care. Your phone can get stuck on the activation lock screen if you don’t remember the password or have bought a second-hand device.
If your Apple iPhone 11 Pro is iCloud locked, there are ways to get it unlocked. We’ll initially suggest reaching the seller. We will clear up the Apple iPhone 11 Pro iCloud bypass methods if you can’t. So sit back and relax. This detailed guide explains how to perform Apple iPhone 11 Pro iCloud bypass.
Part 1: How to Bypass Apple iPhone 11 Pro iCloud Activation Lock?
1. Get Apple ID and password from the previous owner
Asking the owner about their Apple ID credentials is the first approach in this guide. You can disable the activation lock on your Apple iPhone 11 Pro when you get those. However, this technique isn’t ensured to help you, as all of you realize that iCloud has individual data about the client.
Subsequently, no owner will want to give them to another person. In this way, you will be left without a response. It is a bad situation, so we could never propose you focus on this method for Apple iPhone 11 Pro iCloud bypass.
This method is best if the owner lives nearby, and you can meet face to face. In particular, they must know their Apple ID password. When you get together, request them to enter their Apple ID credentials, since they might be reluctant to share them via a call. It is very straightforward to remove their Apple ID and the activation lock.
- Step 1. When the activation lock screen appears, enter the Apple ID credentials.
- Step 2. After removing the activation lock, unpair any accessories connected to it.
- Step 3. Sign out of the App Store, iCloud, and iTunes.
- Step 4. At last, erase all content and settings by exploring the General menu from the Settings app. Click the Reset button for the “Erase All Content and Settings” option.
2. Use iCloud DNS Bypass
Bypassing the Activation Lock on Apple iPhone 11 Pro is easy if you know the Apple ID credentials that allow you to turn off the Find My feature. If you don’t know about the Apple qualifications of the past owner, then the best free strategy is to utilize a DNS bypass. Here’s what you need to do:
- Step 1. Turn on your Apple iPhone 11 Pro.
- Step 2. Select your language and area in the next step.
- Step 3. When asked to join a Wi-Fi network, tap on the “I” icon close to your Wi-Fi name.
- Step 4. Click the “Configure DNS” option.
Step 5. Tap “Manual” and enter the DNS IP address closest to your area:
USA: 104.154.51.7
Europe: 104.155.28.90
Asia: 104.155.220.58
South America: 35.199.88.219
Australia and Oceania: 35.189.47.23
Step 6. Get back to the Wi-Fi screen and tap your Wi-Fi name.
- Step 7. Tap “Back” on the Apple iPhone 11 Pro iCloud bypass screen.
- Step 8. Your iOS device will divert you to the iCloud bypass site.
Pros of Using iCloud DNS Bypass:
- You can physically change the DNS address in Wi-Fi settings.
- You can use various elements and applications on your iOS device if it works.
Limitations of Using iCloud DNS Bypass:
- There is no guarantee that this way will unlock your gadget.
- You will be unable to get to every one of the features of your Apple iPhone 11 Pro after unlocking your iOS device.
- It isn’t compatible with all versions of iOS, particularly the new ones.
3. Apple iPhone Unlock
You can go for a web-based unlocking tool if no other technique works. We recommend you utilize the Apple iPhone Unlock site for Apple iPhone 11 Pro iCloud bypass. Apple iPhone Unlock is one of the most incredible Apple iPhone 11 Pro iCloud bypass websites. It allows you to unlock your iOS device without the need for jailbreaking.
Key Features:
- Remove your iOS device from the past owner’s account.
- Works with all iOS device up to iOS 14.
- You can unlock iPhone 4 to iPhone 14 with this tool.
Verdict:
Apple iPhone unlocks an incredible site that permits you to initiate practically all Apple cell phones. It functions admirably in bypassing iCloud activation if you have lost your credentials. So, how about we see the way to perform the Apple iPhone 11 Pro iCloud bypass through AppleiPhoneUnlock.uk:
- Step 1. Visit the AppleiPhoneUnlock.uk site and pick the model of the Apple iPhone 11 Pro beginning from the drop menu and type your IMEI number.
You can find your IMEI code in one of these ways:
For most iOS device, the IMEI is put on the SIM plate. So, pop it out and note down the number.
If your Apple iPhone 11 Pro isn’t activated, your screen will have an “I” symbol. Click it, and you’ll see the IMEI.
On specific models, IMEI is set apart on the back of the phone, so flip it over, and you’ll see it.
Step 2. Tap the “Unlock Now/Remove Activation Lock” button.
Step 3. In this step, enter your email account to get completely educated about the process.
Step 4. Press “Continue” and enter your account credentials, and it’s just as simple as that.
If they can unlock the activation lock, you’ll get a notification regarding your request and payment verification. In this manner, kindly wait for a moment and let the website take care of the issue. Once complete, you can set up your Apple iPhone 11 Pro with your new iCloud account and use it.
4. Dr.Fone - Screen Unlock (iOS) (iOS/iPadOS 12.0~16.6)
It’s not always necessary that the previous user will help. What if the owner doesn’t recollect the account details? In addition, a few sellers leave the activation lock on intentionally to charge you extra cash. Luckily, you can free unlock your Apple iPhone 11 Pro through third-party software. It is the most straightforward method to perform the Apple iPhone 11 Pro iCloud bypass and the number one choice of users.
Wondershare Dr.Fone - Screen Unlock (iOS) is one of the most remarkable iCloud activation lock bypass programs. It is strongly suggested because of its adaptability with various iPhone versions. You needn’t bother with any technical abilities to use it. Moreover, this amazing software functions best on iOS/iPadOS 12.0-16.6.
Dr.Fone - Screen Unlock (iOS)
Remove iPhone iCloud Activation Lock without Password in Minutes
- Remove Apple ID/iCloud Account efficiently.
- Save your Apple iPhone 11 Pro quickly from the disabled state.
- Free your sim out of any carrier worldwide.
- Bypass iCloud activation lock and enjoy all iCloud services
- Works for iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch.
4,008,670 people have downloaded it
Step-by-Step Guide:
- Step 1. Get into the Dr.Fone software and go for the Screen Unlock option. Then select iCloud Activation Lock Removal.
- Step 2. Now start your process to bypass iCloud activation lock on Apple iPhone 11 Pro/5s/5c.
- Step 3. Then there are GSM and CDMA device you should distinguish clearly, or this problem will change a lot of your device features.
- Step 4. Follow the Jailbreak Guide to make sure Dr.Fone can bypass Apple iPhone 11 Pro/5s/5c successfully.
- Step 5. This image indicates the activation lock will be removed from your device immediately.
4. Seek help from Apple support
Your iPhone will begin with practically no activation lock. You can access and utilize the phone now. But remember that you can’t utilize your new Apple ID’s phone call, data, and iCloud after that.
Part 2: FAQs about iCloud activation lock
1. Why should I bypass the iCloud activation lock?
The iCloud activation lock has a couple of issues. For example, if your Apple iPhone 11 Pro is locked and you forgot your Apple ID details. You won’t be able to reactivate your device after resetting it. Another issue you could confront is buying an iPhone connected to the past owner’s iCloud account. It makes the smartphone a costly paperweight.
Trying Apple iPhone 11 Pro iCloud bypass permits you to remove the Apple activation lock if a phone is lost or stolen or the old iCloud account is connected.
2. How to set up and turn off the activation lock in Apple iPhone 11 Pro?
You can toggle on/off the iCloud activation lock by turning the Find My feature on/off. Once you turn the Find My feature on, the activation lock will enable it by itself. Here’s how to turn on/off the Find My iPhone feature on your Apple iPhone 11 Pro:
- Step 1. Open the Settings app on your Apple iPhone 11 Pro.
- Step 2. Tap your name; then, at that point, tap the Find My option.
- Step 3. If you want your loved ones to know where you are at a certain time, turn on Find My location.
- Step 4. Tap Find My [device], then, at that point, toggle it on/off.
- Step 5. To see your Apple iPhone 11 Pro, turn on Find My network even when it’s not connected.
Conclusion
Bypassing the iCloud Activation Lock can be chaotic. We have proposed ways to unlock it rapidly. To spend minimal time, go for the Dr.Fone - Screen Unlock (iOS) .
If you need a solid and open tool, download Wondershare Dr.Fone on your PC and allow it to take care of its business. It’s quicker than the above techniques and gives you a simple solution.
- Title: How to Remove Activation Lock From the Apple iPhone 11 Pro Without Previous Owner?
- Author: Lydia
- Created at : 2024-07-14 21:30:37
- Updated at : 2024-07-15 21:30:37
- Link: https://activate-lock.techidaily.com/how-to-remove-activation-lock-from-the-apple-iphone-11-pro-without-previous-owner-by-drfone-ios/
- License: This work is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0.