In 2024, A Comprehensive Guide to iCloud Unlock From Apple iPhone 13 Online

In 2024, A Comprehensive Guide to iCloud Unlock From Apple iPhone 13 Online

Lydia Lv12

A Comprehensive Guide to iCloud Unlock On Apple iPhone 13 Online

Effortlessly reclaim control of your Apple device with this comprehensive guide on online iCloud unlocking tools with free ones. Imagine a seamless experience where the iCloud activation lock becomes a thing of the past. This article unveils the significance of unlocking iCloud for users, liberating your device from restrictions.

Moreover, explore a user-friendly desktop solution that empowers you to break free from limitations. Say farewell to barriers and hello to a world of possibilities as you delve into the essential steps of unlocking iCloud online. Your device, your control—so let’s make it happen!

activation lock

Part I. 5 Tools To Unlock iCloud Online

Unlocking your iCloud just got simpler! This section will unveil five tools for hassle-free iCloud activation lock removal. Whether you’re seeking user-friendly interfaces or efficient solutions, this article has got you covered. Let’s dive into the world of unlocking iCloud free online with these web tools.

One major perk of these online services is that they don’t require any software installation. However, using such an iCloud unlock service might entail risks or limitations. Check them out below:

  • There are certain insecure services out there that could put your iOS device at risk of virus infection.
  • Certain services may jeopardize your warranty and privacy.
  • Some sites are frauds that can’t get beyond iCloud Activation Lock, so you shouldn’t trust them.

You are free to choose whether or not to use these services. Here is a rundown of several suggestions for getting around iCloud Activation Lock:

1. DirectUnlocks

DirectUnlocks is your go-to solution for unlocking the full potential of your Apple iPhone 13. With a straightforward approach, this tool promises a seamless iCloud unlock online experience.

directunlocks home

Key Features

Check out DirectUnlock’s benefits you can take advantage of below:

  • Intuitive user interface for easy navigation.
  • Swift and secure iCloud activation lock removal.
  • Compatible with various iPhone models.
  • Reliable customer support for assistance.
  • Free online iCloud activation lock removal.

Pricing

  • $19.95 with a money-back guarantee

2. CellUnlocks

CellUnlocks stands out as a reliable companion on your journey to iCloud freedom. This tool is designed to simplify the iCloud activation lock removal process.

cellunlocks home

Key Features

Below, you can find a list of the features that CellUnlock offers:

  • User-friendly platform catering to all expertise levels.
  • Efficient unlocking process without compromising data.
  • Wide compatibility with different iPhone versions.
  • Dedicated customer service, ensuring a smooth experience.

Pricing

  • $25 with a money-back guarantee

3. Unlock iPhone

Unlock iPhone takes the complexity out of iCloud unlocking, offering a straightforward solution for users. Say goodbye to restrictions with this simplified free online iCloud unlocking tool.

unlock iphone home

Key Features

Read on to learn about the advantages of Unlock iPhone:

  • Simplified process for hassle-free iCloud unlock online.
  • Compatibility with various iOS versions.
  • Secure and reliable unlocking without data loss.
  • Accessible to users with varying technical knowledge.
  • 24/7 Customer Support

Pricing

  • Free

4. iCloud Activation Lock

Navigating through iCloud restrictions is a breeze with iCloud Activation Lock. This tool provides a reliable pathway to unlock your device with ease.

icloud activation lock home

Key Features

Review the advantages of iCloud Activation Lock that you can enjoy below:

  • A streamlined process for efficient iCloud activation lock removal.
  • Compatibility with different iPhone models.
  • Ensures data security during the unlocking process.
  • Responsive customer support for queries.

Pricing

  • Depends on the Apple iPhone 13 device model, but pricing is within $40

5. iCloud Bypass

Unlocking iCloud has never been simpler than with iCloud Bypass. This tool offers a user-friendly approach to liberate your device from the iCloud activation lock.

icloud bypass home

Key Features

Take a look at the benefits of iCloud Bypass below:

  • Straightforward iCloud unlock online process.
  • Wide-ranging compatibility with iPhone and iOS versions.
  • Transparent and secure unlocking procedure.
  • Comprehensive support for users throughout the process.

Pricing:

  • The price depends on the Apple iPhone 13 device model
  • No money-back guarantee

With these five exceptional tools, unlocking iCloud online becomes a stress-free journey. Choose the one that aligns with your needs, and say hello to a liberated iPhone experience. Embrace the simplicity of these tools and unlock the full potential of your device today!

Part II. Easily Bypass iCloud Activation Lock Using a Desktop Tool

Unlocking your iCloud online is good, but what if you find yourself in a spot with an unstable internet connection? Then, an online tool would not be an option. In that case, a reliable desktop tool is what you need instead! Meet Wondershare Dr.Fone - Screen Unlock (iOS) , your go-to solution for effortlessly bypassing iCloud activation lock.

Dr.Fone - Screen Unlock (iOS) is more than just a tool; it’s your key to unlocking the full potential of your Apple iPhone 13. With a user-friendly interface and a focus on simplicity, this desktop solution ensures a hassle-free iCloud unlock experience.

www.sentrypc.com

drfone home

Key Features

The following capabilities and benefits make Dr.Fone an all-inclusive utility for fixing a wide range of issues with iPhones.

  • **Intuitive Interface.**Fone stands out for its straightforward design. No technical jargon or complex steps—just a simple process that anyone can follow.
  • **Efficient iCloud Bypass.**Say goodbye to waiting for an internet connection. Dr.Fone lets you bypass the iCloud activation lock directly from your desktop, providing a stable and efficient solution.
  • This desktop tool caters to a wide range of iPhone and iOS versions, ensuring that users with different devices can benefit from its capabilities.
  • **No Data Loss.**Worried about losing your precious data? Dr.Fone guarantees a secure iCloud activation lock removal without compromising your information.
  • **Reliable Support.**Fone comes with a support system that ensures you’re never alone in the process. Any questions or concerns you may have will be addressed promptly.
  • Protecting users’ personal information is the tool’s top priority. To protect sensitive data while unlocking, it uses strong encryption protocols.
  • Dr.Fone can fix more than just activation problems. It can also help with things like recovering data from disabled devices, bypassing Apple ID, and unlocking a lost passcode.

How It Works

Using Dr.Fone - Screen Unlock (iOS) is as easy as 1-2-3. Get the rundown on how it works with this step-by-step guide below:

  • Step 1: Install the most recent version of Wondershare Dr.Fone on your computer, then launch the program. Go to Toolbox, choose Screen Unlock, and then select iOS. On the next screen, select iCloud Activation Lock Removal from the menu.
  • Step 2: Once prompted, select Start to begin the process of unlocking the Activation Lock on your iOS device.

drfone bypass icloud activation lock

  • Step 3: You will be prompted to connect your iOS device to a USB cable while propagating to the appropriate function. The window will display the status as you connect the Apple iPhone 13 device and quickly go to the next screen. Once you’re on the following screen, double-check all of the details of the iOS device before clicking the Unlock Now button.

drfone bypass icloud activation lock

Note: The solution presented below does not require jailbreaking your device. It supports devices running iOS 15.0 to 16.3 (iPhone 6 / 6 Plus, iPhone 6S / 6S Plus, iPhone 7 / 7 Plus, iPhone 8 / 8 Plus, iPhone X).

  • Step 4: A warning prompt will appear on the screen, indicating that the user should be informed of the operation. Carefully read the agreement and confirm your agreement by ticking the appropriate box. To continue, click the Got It! button.
  • Step 5: Use the on-screen directions to enter DFU Mode on your iOS device. When the Apple iPhone 13 device is initialized in DFU Mode, the program sends a command to restart it. To proceed, use the “right arrow” on the right side of your screen.

drfone enter dfu mode

  • Step 6: Set the iOS device into DFU Mode for the second time. The program will then activate and unlock the Apple iPhone 13 device. When it’s done, click the Got It! button to complete. If the platform does not detect the Apple iPhone 13 device, the user must follow the on-screen instructions to enter DFU Mode on their iOS device.

drfone dfu mode instructions

  • Step 7: Once the Apple iPhone 13 device has been processed in DFU Mode, you will see the iCloud Activation Lock disappear from your computer’s screen. When the process is finished, the screen will display a completion message. Click Done to finish the removal of the iCloud Activation Lock.

drfone icloud activation lock bypassed

When stability is key, and an uninterrupted internet connection seems like a distant dream, turn to Dr.Fone - Screen Unlock (iOS). This desktop tool provides a reliable, secure, and efficient way to bypass the iCloud activation lock, ensuring you regain control of your Apple iPhone 13 without the headaches. Embrace simplicity, bid farewell to restrictions, and unlock the full potential of your device with Dr.Fone - Screen Unlock (iOS).

Read More About iCloud:

3 Ways to Recover iCloud Password

Tips for Fix iCloud Photos Not Syncing Issues

Ways to Restore from iCloud Backup Without Reset

Conclusion

In this guide, you were able to navigate the world of unlocking iCloud online. It has presented top online tools; some provide free iCloud unlocking services online. Besides, you’ve known a reliable desktop solution—Dr.Fone - Screen Unlock (iOS) . Make informed decisions, safeguard your data, simplify the process, and liberate your device. Choose reliability, opt for simplicity, and let your Apple iPhone 13 become an open gateway to endless possibilities.

Remember, choosing a dependable solution is the key to unlocking your Apple iPhone 13. As a desktop tool, Dr.Fone – Screen Unlock provides a reliable, secure, and efficient way to bypass the iCloud activation lock. Unlock your iCloud wisely, and embrace the freedom that follows.

Tips: Are you searching for a powerful Unlock tool? No worries as Dr.Fone is here to help you. Download it and start a seamless unlock experience!

Top 7 iCloud Activation Bypass Tools For your Apple iPhone 13

If you are looking for the right tool to bypass iCloud activation or even remove the iCloud account, you have come to the right place. Below are the top 7 iCloud bypass tools. These iCloud removal tools work very well to help you bypass iCloud. Let’s look at each one individually.

Part 1: Top Rated iCloud unlock tool - Dr.Fone - Screen Unlock (iOS)

Dr.Fone - Screen Unlock (iOS) is the child software of one of the renowned software companies, namely Wondershare. The software claims to unlock the iOS screen password in minutes. Offering a simple click-through process, this iCloud bypass tool works perfectly.

Dr.Fone - Screen Unlock

The Most Efficient iCloud Activation Bypass Tool

  • Remove iCloud lock without a password in a few minutes, even if it’s a second-hand phone.
  • Effectively remove the Apple iPhone 13 lock screen without the passcode.
  • Free your SIM to work on any carrier worldwide.
  • Works for all models of iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch.
  • Fully compatible with the latest iOS 17.New icon

4,008,669 people have downloaded it

Pros

  • • Easy to use. No tech knowledge is needed.
  • • Can remove any lock screen professionally.
  • • Reliable and quickly works.
  • • Bypass iCloud sans any security questions or email addresses.
  • • Unlocks Apple ID under any situation, whether locked for security reasons or you forgot your password.

Cons: It is not free.

Supported Devices: All iOS devices, including the latest iPhone.

Supported iOS: iOS 17, iOS 16, iOS 15 and former.

How to bypass iCloud using Dr.Fone

Step 1: Connect Device and Run the Program

In order to start the process, begin downloading the tool on your PC. Launch it once installed. Make a connection between the Apple iPhone 13 device and PC via the lightning cord. Hit on “Screen Unlock” now.

drfone-home-interface

Step 2: Proceed to Choose the Option

As the next step, all you need is to click on the “iCloud Activation Lock Removal”.

new-interface

Step 3: Jailbreak your Apple iPhone 13

Jailbreak your Apple iPhone 13 with the guide .

jailbreak iphone

Step 4: Bypass iCloud

After restarting, this iCloud bypass tool will start to bypass iCloud automatically. Hang on until the process gets completed.

process of bypass icloud lock

Step 5: Complete.

Now, a window will come up on the screen, implying the activation lock is no longer on the iPhone.

complete

Safe download safe & secure

Part 2: Open my iCloud Easy Unlock Tool

Open my iCloud Easy Unlock Tool

Open mu iCloud Easy unlock tool is another widely available and widely used tool to help you unlock or bypass your iCloud. It is easy to use and very fast as well. It comes with a tutorial to help you figure it out and use it effectively.

Pros

  • • It allows you to unlock or bypass your iCloud in under 10 minutes.
  • • It works with all iOS devices and all iOS.
  • • Allows you to use your phone’s IMEI code to unlock your Apple iPhone 13.

Cons

  • • It only comes with a Windows download.
  • • iPhone 6S Plus, iPhone 6S, iPhone 6 Plus, iPhone 6, iPhone 5S , iPhone 5C, iPhone 5, iPhone 4S, iPhone 4, iPad Air, iPad Mini, iPad 4/3, iPad 2.

Supported iOS versions: iOS 9.0, iOS 8.1, iOS 8.0.2/1, iOS 8, iOS 7.1.1 , iOS 7.1, iOS 7.0.6, iOS 7.0.5.

Download Open my iCloud Easy Unlock

Part 3: Doulci iCloud Unlocking Tool

Doulci iCloud Unlocking Tool

This tool is one of the most efficient. It is easy to use and works on all iOS devices, including the iPod Touch. It is not a UI tool and will, therefore, allow you to run your own iCloud bypass server.

Pros

  • • It is easy to use.
  • • It works on all iOS devices and with all iOS.
  • • It is free.
  • • The Tool’s website has incredible support with tutorials you can use.

Cons: You have to complete a survey to be allowed to download the tool.

Supported Devices: All iPhone models, all iPad models, all iPod touch models.

Supported iOS:  iOS 11, iOS 12, iOS 13, iOS 14 and iOS 15.

Download Doulci iCloud Unlocking Tool

Part 4: iCloud Bypass Tool

iCloud Bypass Tool

iCloud Activation Lock Bypass is one of the most used iCloud bypass tools in the market. It can be useful when you are looking to bypass iCloud activation, remove an iCloud account, and even bypass the iCloud lock.

Pros

  • • It is very functional and used for more than just one purpose.
  • • Most people who have used it are quite satisfied with this tool.
  • • It works with almost all iOS devices.

Cons

  • • There have been a few complaints about the download speed.
  • • Despite the fact that most people seem pleased with this app, it has a relatively low rating of just 3.5 stars.

Supported Devices: iPhone 6S Plus, iPhone 6S, iPhone 6 Plus, iPhone 6, iPhone 5S, iPhone 5C, iPhone 5, iPhone 4S, iPhone 4, iPad Air, iPad Mini, iPad 4/3, iPad 2.

Supported iOS versions: iOS 9.0, iOS 8.1, iOS 8.0.2/1, iOS 8, iOS 7.1.1 , iOS 7.1, iOS 7.0.6, iOS 7.0.5.

Download iCloud Bypass

Part 5: Bypass iCloud Activation Tool

This tool connects directly to Apple servers to activate iCloud. It is also very easy to use ad one of the ones gaining popularity steadily lately.

Pros

  • • It is easy to download and use.
  • • The tool’s website provides round-the-clock support for any issues you may have.

Cons: It is slightly more complicated to use than the others we have seen above.

Download IOS8JAILBREAK.BIZ

Top 8 iCloud Bypass Tools

Part 6: Remove iCloud Activation Lock Tool

This tool allows you to be able to bypass iCloud very easily. The Tool’s website also offers you valuable information on using the Apple iPhone 13 device to make it easy. It is also 100% free.

Pros

  • • It is completely free.
  • • It is easy to download and use.
  • • The developers give you great support and information.

Cons:  It doesn’t have a very high rating among users.

Supported Devices: All iPhone models, all iPad models, all iPod touch models.

Supported iOS

  • • iOS 7, iOS 7.1, iOS 8.
  • • iOS 8, iOS 9.

Download Bypass iCloud Lock

Remove iCloud Activation Lock Tool

Part 7: iCloud Bypass Tool - GadgetWide

iCloud Bypass Tool - GadgetWide

This one works in much the same way as the others we have seen above, although it is credited with being one of the top tools to bypass iCloud activation. Again, it is easy to use, although GadgetWide does offer you support and tutorials should you get stuck on any issue.

Pros

  • • One of the most highly rated tools in the market.
  • • It is free to download and use.
  • • Highly effective and easy to use.

Cons

  • • You have to download software to your computer before using this tool.

Supported Devices: All iPhone models, all iPad models, all iPod touch models.

Supported iOS: iOS 7, iOS 7.1, iOS 8, iOS 9.

Conclusion

So, now all the iCloud activation bypass tools are listed above. It can be really easy to remove iCloud activation lock from iPhone after reset without password, if you get the right tool. After reviewing all the tools, we sincerely recommend Dr.Fone - Screen Unlock (iOS) with highly success rate to solve your verification problem.

New Multiple Ways: How To Remove iCloud Activation Lock On your Apple iPhone 13

Undeniably, one of Apple’s selling points is its focus on security. iPhones, iPads, Macs, and other Apple stuff all enjoy this robust security system. Of course, this is mainly made by Apple through iCloud or Apple ID. This system is designed to protect your data and prevent unauthorized access. This is what makes Apple’s devices highly secure and sought after.

However, a common challenge arises when you acquire a second-hand iPhone or iPad. You may find it’s connected to the previous owner’s iCloud account through an Activation Lock. This situation can be a significant hurdle, rendering the Apple iPhone 13 device almost unusable. As you may expect, this article will help you remove the iCloud Activation Lock.

activation lock page ios

Part 1. What Is the iCloud Activation Lock

The iCloud Activation Lock is a security feature unique to iOS. It’s intended to prevent people from accessing or resetting stolen devices. This feature is automatically enabled when “Find My iPhone” is turned on and effectively locks the Apple iPhone 13 device to a specific Apple ID.

Attempting To Remove iCloud Activation Lock

Simply logging in with the correct Apple ID credentials will suffice to overcome this lock under normal circumstances. This process is straightforward if you are the original owner and remember your login details. However, there are instances where it could be more. You might forget your Apple ID, buy a second-hand device still linked to the previous owner’s account, or inadvertently reset your phone and face the iCloud Activation Lock.

In these situations, you’re left with a virtually unusable device. But there’s no need to panic. Several methods exist to bypass or remove the iCloud Activation Lock, even when the original Apple ID is unknown or forgotten. In the following sections, you’ll explore these methods. You’ll find step-by-step guidance to remove the iCloud Activation Lock to enjoy its full functionality.

Part 2. Method 1: Remove iCloud With Apple ID Password

If you’re fortunate enough to know the Apple ID associated with the Apple iPhone 13 device, learning how to remove iCloud Activation Lock is straightforward. This method is ideal for those who have either forgotten their password or acquired a second-hand device still linked to the previous owner’s Apple ID but have their cooperation in unlocking it.

If you see the Activation Lock screen, it means the Apple iPhone 13 device is still tethered to an Apple ID. Follow the onscreen instructions to input the Apple ID and password initially used to set up the Apple iPhone 13 device. If the Apple iPhone 13 device has a passcode, you may also use that for unlocking. Then, you can remove the old Apple ID by going to Settings > Tap on the profile on top of the app > Sign Out.

icloud sign out button

If you’ve forgotten your Apple ID, it can be recovered by signing in with your Apple ID account. Then, click the Forgot Password button. You may need to answer security questions or receive a code on a trusted device to complete this process.

Removing Activation Lock via iCloud (For Offline Devices)

Alternatively, you can remove the iCloud account by following the steps below. You can ask the original owner to do this or do it independently if you can access the account.

  • Step 1: Go to <www.iCloud.com/find> on any web browser.
  • Step 2: Log in with your Apple ID (or the Apple iPhone 13 device owner’s ID) and password.

login with apple id

  • Step 3: From the list of devices associated with this Apple ID, select the one you wish to unlock.
  • Step 4: Click Remove from Account. This action will disassociate the Apple iPhone 13 device from the Apple ID, removing the Activation Lock.

Following these steps, you can remove the iCloud Activation Lock from your device, provided you can access the necessary Apple ID credentials. This method is the most secure and straightforward way to regain access to your device without compromising your data or the Apple iPhone 13 device’s functionality.

Part 3. Method 2: Remove iCloud Without an Apple ID Code in a Few Clicks

Third-party tools like Wondershare Dr.Fone provide an effective solution when you can’t access the Apple ID passcode. Dr.Fone is recognized as an all-in-one mobile solution, catering to various needs beyond unlocking devices. It has features like recovery, system repair, data transfer, backup and restore, and Screen Unlock (iOS).

The Screen Unlock feature is valuable for bypassing the iCloud Activation Lock without needing the original Apple ID passcode. It’s a useful tool for those who have bought a second-hand device still tied to the previous owner’s Apple ID or have forgotten their Apple ID details.

Read the steps below to learn how to use the Screen Unlock feature to remove the iCloud Activation Lock.

Method 2.1: Removing Apple ID Without Jailbreak

First, Dr.Fone’s Screen Unlock can remove the iCloud Activation Lock without jailbreaking the Apple iPhone 13 device. Note that this only works when the phone is not in activation mode. This can be any time before the phone is reset. The steps below guide you how to remove the Apple ID from the Apple iPhone 13 device.

  • Step 1: Download and install Wondershare Dr.Fone from the official website.

  • Step 2: Open Toolbox > Screen Unlock > iOS.

dr.fone home

  • Step 3: Choose Remove Apple ID on this page.

dr.fone screen unlock features

  • Step 4: Connect your phone to the computer. A verification message should appear. Then, click Unlock Now.

connect device

  • Step 5: Verify if your phone has two-factor authentication enabled on this page. Follow the onscreen instructions.

screen lock verify

  • Step 6: Dr.Fone will give instructions on how to put your phone in Recovery mode. If it doesn’t work, click DFU Mode at the bottom of the screen.

recovery mode instructions

  • Step 7: Wait for the download of the firmware.

dr.fone download process

  • Step 8: After verifying the firmware, click Unlock Now. Type in “000000” on the text box when the prompt appears.

remove apple id confirm

  • Step 9: Wait for the process to finish. Then, check if the iCloud account is removed through Settings. If not, click Try Again.

dr.fone complete screen unlock

Method 2.2: Bypassing iCloud Activation Lock (Jailbreak Method)

If your device is on the activation screen, the above-presented method will not work. This is where you’ll have to jailbreak your device and bypass the iCloud Activation Lock with Dr.Fone. It might seem daunting. Don’t worry, as Dr.Fone will be guiding you through this. Just follow the steps below:

  • Step 1: Go to Toolbox > Screen Unlock > iOS.

dr.fone home

  • Step 3: This time, choose iCloud Activation Lock Removal.

dr.fone screen unlock page

  • Step 4: Click Start.

bypass icloud activation lock page

  • Step 5: When Dr.Fone prompts you to connect your Apple iPhone 13, use a cable to connect it to your computer.

dr.fone connect phone prompt

  • Step 6: To identify if your phone is GSM or CDMA, navigate to Settings > General > About. If it’s CDMA, cellular/SIM functions won’t work, but other features remain usable. Upon selecting Unlock Now, a warning pop-up appears. Confirm by clicking Got it.

dr.fone bypass cdma warning

  • Step 7: At this part, you should jailbreak your device. Click JailBreak Guide or Watch Video to be guided on the process.

jailbreak confirmation

  • Step 8: Dr.Fone will automatically begin the bypassing process after jailbreaking the Apple iPhone 13 device.

dr.fone bypass icloud activation lock

  • Step 9: After the process finishes, click Done.

dr.fone bypass complete

Part 4. Method 3: Use Dedicated Third-Party Services To Remove iCloud Lock

Numerous dedicated third-party services, such as IMEICheck.co and iUnlocker.com, offer activation lock removal for those seeking alternative solutions. These websites typically work by using the Apple iPhone 13 device’s IMEI number to unlock the associated iCloud account.

Users visit these websites, enter their device’s IMEI number, and request the iCloud unlock service. Depending on the service provider, these platforms process the unlock request, which can take a few days. While convenient, users should exercise caution and ensure they’re using reputable services to avoid potential scams.

Conclusion

In summary, removing iCloud Activation Lock can be crucial for those dealing with locked Apple devices. This article has explored several methods: using the Apple ID password, leveraging the capabilities of Dr.Fone for those without the password, and opting for third-party services.

It’s important to remember that these methods should only be used for legitimate purposes, such as unlocking a device you legally own. Dr.Fone remains a recommended tool for a comprehensive mobile solution, particularly for unlocking needs.

Tips: Are you searching for a powerful Unlock tool? No worries as Dr.Fone is here to help you. Download it and start a seamless unlock experience!


  • Title: In 2024, A Comprehensive Guide to iCloud Unlock From Apple iPhone 13 Online
  • Author: Lydia
  • Created at : 2024-07-14 22:11:47
  • Updated at : 2024-07-15 22:11:47
  • Link: https://activate-lock.techidaily.com/in-2024-a-comprehensive-guide-to-icloud-unlock-from-apple-iphone-13-online-by-drfone-ios/
  • License: This work is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0.